Pronoun: Demonstrative far

MorphologyPronoun – Demonstrative far singular

• The stem ἐκεῖν- combines with 1st declension endings in the fem, and 2nd declension endings in the masc/neut
• The neut nom/acc are based on the neut article (τὸ), and so have no final ν

fromLesson 22.3

MorphologyPronoun – Demonstrative far plural

• Remember: these forms combine with 1st declension endings in the fem, and 2nd declension endings in the masc/neut (see 22.3.3.1)

fromLesson 23.3

SyntaxPronoun – Demonstrative far

Far demonstrative pronouns behave syntactically like their near counterparts (see 14.2.3.2): ἐκεῖνος ὁ ἄνθρωπος (before the article) and ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐκεῖνος (after the noun) are the options.

fromLesson 22.3

SyntaxPronoun – Demonstrative far (Direct reference)

The first syntactical environment we noted for the far demonstrative pronoun was when it modified a noun. One hallmark of demonstrative pronouns is that they can refer to entities without modifying a noun:

• (202) Reference to an entity without a noun
• ἐκεῖνο ἦλθε πρὸς με
• That came to me

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SemanticsPronoun – Demonstrative far (Reference to discourse objects)

Our semantic description of the near demonstrative pronoun was that it pointed to something near the speaker in the world or discourse. The far demonstrative pronoun has the same basic function except that it points to something far from the speaker instead of near. Sometimes, this involves distinguishing one object from another that was just mentioned:

fromLesson 22.3

SemanticsPronoun – Demonstrative far (Reference to a person)

One feature of the near demonstrative pronoun was that it could be used in a very similar way to the third person pronoun in that both could refer to people (see 14.2.3.2). The same is true for ἐκεῖνος:

fromLesson 23.3