Participle: Efagon Active

MorphologyParticiple – Efagon Active

• The endings of Efagon act ptcps are identical to Luo act ptcps (see 18.2.3.1 and 19.2.3.1); the only difference is the Aorist stem
• The accenting is identical to the ptcp forms of εἰμί (see 28.3.3.1)

fromLesson 30.2

SyntaxParticiple (5 – Periphrastic participles)

A periphrastic participle combines the verb εἰμί (or another copula-like verb) with a Luo or Leluka participle. In this lesson, we focus on how it is used with a Luo participle. It is called periphrastic because it is like a paraphrase of another verb form. As an illustration, the periphrastic participle construction ἦν διδάσκων (literally ‘was’ + ‘teaching’) is essentially a paraphrase of ἐδίδασκεν (διδάσκω in the Eluon form). Periphrastic participles with the Luo participle can be found with ἐστίν in Eluon, Luo, or Luso. In every case, the verbal form of ἐστίν gives the tense of the event, while the participle specifies the aspect. The forms ἦν, ἐστίν, and ἔσται correspond to past, present, and future respectively. Whenever the participle is in Luo, the aspect is imperfective.

With ἐστίν in Eluon, the periphrastic participle is equivalent to the verb in the participle in the Eluon form:

fromLesson 30.2