Participle: Elusa active

MorphologyParticiple – Elusa active masculine, neuter

• The ending ‘-σαντ-’ is attached to the Luo stem followed by the 3rd declension endings
• The ντ drops when σ begins the ending, and the τ drops when the ending is null (sg neuter nom/acc) (see 9.3.3.1)
• The accenting is regressive

fromLesson 27.1

MorphologyParticiple – Elusa active feminine

• First, the Elusa ‘-σα-’ ending is attached to the stem
• A second σ is attached with the mixed α/η pattern 1st declension endings
• The accenting is regressive, and like most 1st declension forms the gen pl ending has a circumflex

fromLesson 28.2

SemanticsParticiple (4 – Attendant circumstance)

The participle may be used before a main verb where it takes some of its features from the main verb itself. In the literature on Greek grammar, this is sometimes called an attendant circumstance participle:

• (246) Attendant circumstance
• καθίσας ταχέως γράψον πεντήκοντα (Luke 16:6) Sit quickly, write 50!

The first word καθίσας is a participle, and this is followed by the main verb in the imperative, γράψον. The correct way to understand this sentence is not ‘while sitting quickly, write 50’ as if the sitting comes prior to the command. Rather, the act of sitting is part of the command, even though only the main verb is in the imperative and not the initial participle. In other words, we interpret the mood of the participle as identical to the verb that follows it. This is a common use of the participle, but it is almost always found with Aorist forms, both as the participle and as the main verb.

fromLesson 27.1