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Participle · Grammar concept
Participle: Aorist Passive
Aorist Passive is a participle topic in Koine (biblical) Greek. This page gathers its forms, paradigms, and function, drawn from the lessons of Reading Greek Deeply.
MorphologyParticiple – Aorist Passive
- The masc and neut forms have 3rd declension endings attached to θεντ, while fem forms have mixed α/η 1st declension endings attached to θεισ
- With σ endings (masc nom sg and masc/neut dat pl), the ντ drops out and the ε lengthens to ει, e.g. πορευ-θέντ-ς → πορευ-θέ-ς → πορευθείς
- In the neut nom/acc sg, the final τ falls away due to no ending being attached, e.g. πορευ-θέντ → πορευθέν
- In the fem gen pl, the accent is drawn to the ultima.
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative singular | πορευ-θεί-ς | πορευ-θεῖσ-α | πορευ-θέν |
| Genitive singular | πορευ-θέντ-ος | πορευ-θείσ-ης | πορευ-θέντ-ος |
| Dative singular | πορευ-θέντ-ι | πορευ-θείσ-ῃ | πορευ-θέντ-ι |
| Accusative singular | πορευ-θέντ-α | πορευ-θεῖσ-αν | πορευ-θέν |
| Nominative plural | πορευ-θέντ-ες | πορευ-θεῖσ-αι | πορευ-θέντ-α |
| Genitive plural | πορευ-θέντ-ων | πορευ-θεισ-ῶν | πορευ-θέντ-ων |
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dative plural | πορευ-θεῖ-σι(ν) | πορευ-θείσ-αις | πορευ-θεῖ-σι(ν) |
| Accusative plural | πορευ-θέντ-ας | πορευ-θείσ-ας | πορευ-θέντ-α |
fromLesson 33.1
SemanticsParticiple – Attributive and Predicate Adjectives
While we have already seen several uses of participles with verbal functions, the participle is also regularly used like an adjective, as noted in 18.2.3.2. Like other adjectives, the participle can modify a noun or serve as a predicate:
- (308) Attributive adjective
- καὶ ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τῷ ἐρχομένῳ ζωὴν αἰώνιον (Mark 10:30)
- And in the coming age (he will receive) eternal life
fromLesson 33.1
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New Testament text shown on hover: Greek from the SBLGNT, © 2010 Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0; English from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain).