Noun/Adjective: 3rd Declension -ης

MorphologyNoun/Adjective – 3rd Declension -ης

• The full stem of this paradigm can be seen in the vocative sg form, ἀληθές, but the final σ drops out in every form
• In the nom sg, the final vowel lengthens to compensate for the lost σ, e.g. ἀληθέσ-ς → ἀληθής
• In the dat pl, the vowel does not lengthen when the σ drops out, e.g. ἀληθέσ-σι → ἀληθέσι
• In all other forms the ending begins with a vowel, so when the σ drops out, the vowel and the remaining ε contract together:

fromLesson 41.2

SemanticsAdj – Regular (5 – Closed scale adjectives)

In addition to adjectives that receive an open scale interpretation (see 32.2.3.2), there are also adjectives that are interpreted with a closed scale. For example, the adjective εὐθύς ‘straight’ refers to a closed scale, since there is a defined limit to how straight something can be. When there are zero turns, the object cannot be made straighter.

• (405) Closed scale εὐθύς
• εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ (Matt 3:3)
• Make straight his paths

fromLesson 41.2