Participle – Elusa active masculine, neuter

ObjectivesLearning objectives

• The masculine and neuter morphology of the Elusa active participle
• The semantics of ‘attendant circumstance’ participles

VocabularyVocabulary

MorphologyMorphology: Participle – Elusa active masculine, neuter

• The ending ‘-σαντ-’ is attached to the Luo stem followed by the 3rd declension endings
• The ντ drops when σ begins the ending, and the τ drops when the ending is null (sg neuter nom/acc) (see 9.3.3.1)
• The accenting is regressive

SemanticsSemantics: Participle (4 – Attendant circumstance)

Participle: all 7 parts on one page →Also in Lesson 18.2, Lesson 19.2, Lesson 20.3, Lesson 30.2, Lesson 36.1, Lesson 37.2

The participle may be used before a main verb where it takes some of its features from the main verb itself. In the literature on Greek grammar, this is sometimes called an attendant circumstance participle:

The first word καθίσας is a participle, and this is followed by the main verb in the imperative, γράψον. The correct way to understand this sentence is not ‘while sitting quickly, write 50’ as if the sitting comes prior to the command. Rather, the act of sitting is part of the command, even though only the main verb is in the imperative and not the initial participle. In other words, we interpret the mood of the participle as identical to the verb that follows it. This is a common use of the participle, but it is almost always found with Aorist forms, both as the participle and as the main verb.