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Chapter 5 · Lesson 5.3 · Pronoun
Pronoun – Nominative, accusative (2p)
ObjectivesLearning objectives
- The uses of νῦν ‘now’
- The morphology of the nom and acc 2p pronouns
VocabularyVocabulary
| Greek | Gloss | Part of speech | Paradigm |
|---|---|---|---|
| τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, -ου | the good news | noun | B.a.β.ii |
| ἡ τροφή, -ῆς | the food | noun | B.a.α.i |
| ἡ συναγωγή, -ῆς | the synagogue (building) | noun | B.a.α.i |
| ἡ σοφία, -ας | the wisdom | noun | B.a.α.ii |
| λαμβάνω τήν | (I) take the (acc) | verb | C.a.η |
| νῦν | now | adverb |
Noteνῦν
νῦν ‘now’ has a variety of syntactic functions that are difficult to predict with the simple gloss ‘now.’ First, it can be used to refer to the time of speaking to which the time of the event is related, i.e. the RT:
How he νῦν βλέπει [now sees] we do not know (John 9:21)
Second, νῦν may refer to the present time as a concept or a present state of an object; this use is common with the article. Without another noun, it means the present time and is found with a neuter article:
ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν [from now on] the son of man will be sitting at the right hand of the power of God (Luke 22:69)
With another noun, it describes the present condition or state of that object:
τῇ νῦν Ἰερουσαλήμ (Gal 4:25)
The current/present Jerusalem
Finally, νῦν may be used at the beginning of a clause to introduce a statement that is related logically to what precedes it:
καὶ νῦν [and now], children, remain in him (1 John 2:26–27)
After explaining the importance of abiding in Jesus and his teachings, John gives the above exhortation. It is not that John is exhorting them to remain in Jesus in the present, but he is saying that in light of what he just now said, you should remain in him.
MorphologyMorphology: Pronoun – Nominative, accusative (2p)
- The forms of the 2p pronouns are identical to the 1p forms except that the initial η is replaced with υ, which marks the form as 2nd person.
- Tip for English speakers: the initial υ sounds similar to the word you, the 2nd person English pronoun.
pro 2p nom ὑμεῖς (‘y’all’) acc ὑμᾶς (‘y’all’)
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New Testament text shown on hover: Greek from the SBLGNT, © 2010 Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0; English from the Berean Standard Bible (public domain).