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Chapter 45 · Lesson 45.1 · Verb
Verb – ο-contract (lengthening)
ObjectivesLearning objectives
- The morphology of ο-contract verbs when the ending begins with a consonant
- A summary of the uses of Eluon and its meaning contribution
VocabularyVocabulary
| Greek | Gloss | Part of speech | Paradigm |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἡ ἀναστροφή, -ῆς | the behavior | noun | B.a.α.i |
| κοινός, -ή, -όν | ritually unclean | adjective | A.a.α |
| ὅθεν | from where | adverb | |
| ὁμοιοῖ τινί τινα | (he) makes something/one (acc) like something/one (dat) | verb | C.a.δ |
| ὑστερεῖ τι | (he) lacks something (acc) | verb | C.a.β |
| ἐκ δεξιῶν τινος | on the right of something/one (gen) | phrase |
MorphologyMorphology: Verb – ο-contract (lengthening)
- Like we have seen in other contract verbs (26.2.3.1, 37.1.3.1), when the ending begins with a consonant the ο will lengthen to ω
| Active | Passive | |
|---|---|---|
| Luso | φανερώσω | φανερωθήσομαι |
| Elusa | ἐφανέρωσα | ἐφανερώθην |
| Leluka | πεφανέρωκα | πεφανέρωμαι |
SemanticsSemantics: Verb – Eluon (Meaning and summary)
We have given 5 different uses for the Eluon form: it may refer to the pre-stage of an event (the conative use), the beginning of an event (the ingressive use), habitual events, past states, and past events in progress. All these uses have a common element: the Eluon form says nothing about the end of an eventuality. It can be used to talk about the beginning of an eventuality (the conative and ingressive uses) as well as the middle of an eventuality (habituals, past states, and past events), but it is never used to talk about when an eventuality ends or culminates. Moreover, the part(s) of the eventuality referred to always occur prior to the time of speaking. These two elements make up the basic meaning of the Eluon form: a non-final part of an eventuality occurred in the past. The specific interpretation of the form in context is dependent upon a number of factors, most importantly the nature of the verb the Eluon form combines with.
| Use | Description | Section | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Past in progress | Event is ongoing before time of speaking | 15.1.3.2 | (130) |
| Past state | State holds before time of speaking | 15.2.3.2 | (131) |
| Past habitual event | Events before time of speaking that are typical | 16.1.3.2 | (136) |
| Ingressive | Beginning of an event occurs before time of speaking | 21.3.3.2 | (180) |
| Conative | An action is attempted before time of speaking | 22.2.3.2 | (193) |
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