Participle – Leluka active masculine, neuter

ObjectivesLearning objectives

• The semantics of the genitive relative pronoun οὗ
• The masc and neut morphology and semantics of the Leluka active participle

VocabularyVocabulary

Noteοὗ

The genitive of the relative pronoun ὅς is οὗ. This form came to specifically refer to places meaning ‘where.’ It normally introduces a relative clause with a noun that refers to a place:

The relative pronoun οὗ is modifying κώμην, which refers to a location. What makes this example differ from a normal relative pronoun is that οὗ does not agree in gender with the noun it modifies. We might expect to see τὴν κώμην ἧς if it were a normal relative pronoun, but the disagreement in gender tells us that the word οὗ had begun to take on a life of its own as meaning ‘where’ for any kind of noun that referred to a location (making it similar to ὅπου; see 19.4.3.1).

MorphologyMorphology: Participle – Leluka active masculine, neuter

• Leluka act masc/neut ptcps combine the Leluka stem, -κότ, and the 3rd declension endings
• In the nom sg and dat pl, the -ς ending causes the τ to drop out, and the o-vowel lengthens in the nom sg (but not in the dat pl), e.g. πεπτωκότς → πεπτωκώς
• The neut nom/acc sg forms have no ending as usual, but they end in ς rather than τ

SemanticsSemantics: Participle (8 – Past-in-the-past)

Participle: all 7 parts on one page →Also in Lesson 18.2, Lesson 19.2, Lesson 20.3, Lesson 27.1, Lesson 30.2, Lesson 37.2

You should remember that the Leluka participle carries its perfect aspect with it. This means that it presents the event as having occurred prior to the reference time:

The time being referred to by the main verb ἔλεγον is in the past. The Leluka participle τεθεραπευμένῳ ‘the one who had been healed’ is past relative to the past event of the Jews saying something. This is what we call the “past-in-the-past” interpretation of Leluka (31.3.3.3), and it is quite common with Leluka participles. This use is characterized by an event that occurs prior to a past reference time.